Reduir l’exposició a riscos psicosocials aplicant pràctiques de participació directa?
Una aproximació a l’experiència de treballadores i treballadors en llocs d’execució
Resum
Des de la mirada de la prevenció de riscos psicosocials, aquest article analitza els canvis en les condicions de treball que va suposar la implementació de pràctiques de participació directa consultiva grupal en tres empreses amb una organització del treball taylorista i autoritària. La representació laboral sindicalitzada va negociar i va supervisar la seva implantació per aconseguir enriquir el treball i evitar la competitivitat i la intensificació, amb la finalitat que resultés saludable. Aquest estudi es basa en grups focals i una anàlisi de contingut categorial dels testimoniatges de treballadores i treballadors en llocs d’execució. L’objectiu és comprendre en quin sentit l’aplicació d’aquestes pràctiques podria suposar unes millors condicions de treball en aquests llocs, com assenyalen alguns estudis quantitatius poblacionals a Espanya i a la UE. La participació directa consultiva grupal ni representa el qüestionament de la prerrogativa empresarial ni la democràcia en el treball. No obstant això, aplicada en les condicions adequades, permetria atenuar operativament la dràstica separació entre disseny i execució, enriquir un treball simple i estandarditzat i crear dinàmiques de col·laboració i solidaritat en llocs individualitzats, incrementant la influència i les possibilitats d’aplicar i adquirir habilitats i coneixements i possibilitant el suport de companyes, companys i superiors, sense intensificar ni extensificar el treball. Daquesta manera, la participació directa grupal podria reduir l’exposició nociva i desigual als riscos psicosocials, la qual cosa comportaria unes condicions laborals que generarien menys problemes de salut mental i cardiovascular. Ni més ni menys.
Paraules clau
organització del treball, participació directa, riscos psicosocials, llocs d'execució, participació representativa , salut laboral , prevenció de riscos laboralsReferències
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