Explorar la democracia más allá del estado: la democracia en federaciones universitarias en Chile
Resumen
Durante décadas, los politólogos han estudiado la democracia estatal, utilizando métodos sofisticados de conceptualización y medición para evaluar el poder explicativo de varias teorías. Sin embargo, han prestado poca atención a la democracia en sistemas políticos no estatales. Este artículo llena este vacío caracterizando la democracia en el gobierno estudiantil universitario e investigando los factores que afectan los niveles de democracia en federaciones universitarias (DFU). Utilizando conceptos de ciencia política y sociología, el estudio identifica diferentes dimensiones de la DFU con datos de 162 campus en 2018. Las dimensiones se agregan para construir un índice de democracia para las federaciones estudiantiles. Aunque la mayoría de los estudiantes chilenos asistieron a universidades con federaciones democráticas, nuestros hallazgos revelan un déficit en la representación estudiantil democrática en la mayor parte de las instituciones. El artículo también se basa en las literaturas de política comparada, democracia sindical y educación superior para explorar factores que varían por institución que explicarían diferencias en los niveles de DFU. Los análisis de regresión logística ordenada sugieren que la DFU se asocia con la calidad institucional, la membresía en organizaciones interuniversitarias y el tamaño y composición socioeconómica del estudiantado. Los resultados aumentan nuestra comprensión de las características, estado y correlaciones de la democracia más allá del estado.
Palabras clave
democracy, higher education governance, student politics, higher education policy, ChileCitas
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Derechos de autor 2024 Daniel Fernando Cifuentes Gallegos, Rodolfo Disi Pavlic
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