El análisis cuantitativo de trayectorias laborales. Un estado del arte
Resumen
La metodología cuantitativa aplicada al estudio de las trayectorias laborales ha experimentado un rápido auge que se ha extendido más allá del tradicional análisis de secuencias. El presente artículo es un estado del arte del desarrollo de nuevas técnicas estadísticas que pueden aplicarse o ya se aplican al estudio de trayectorias laborales. Además, incluimos sugerencias de software estadístico para la aplicación de cada una de las técnicas descritas.
A lo largo de todo el texto, podrá observarse que la descripción de cada técnica se ha realizado desde un punto de vista conceptual, con el objetivo de llegar a un público amplio, que no necesite poseer una fuerte formación estadística. Es mediante esta visión general que mostraremos las debilidades y fortalezas que cada técnica presenta, así como el hilo conductor que nos lleva de una a otra. Este trabajo parte de una perspectiva global en el estudio de las trayectorias laborales que luego tiende hacia una perspectiva más compleja, en que el interés se centra en una pequeña parte de dichas trayectorias o incluso de simples cambios de estado.
La creciente complejidad de los modelos desarrollados será objeto de discusión final debido a los nuevos retos que presentan su aplicación e implementación. Es en este contexto donde argumentaremos la necesidad de un perfil estadístico en el marco de los proyectos de investigación, tal y como sucede en otras áreas científicas. Finalmente, debatiremos la utilidad de la estadística bayesiana a la hora de enfrentarse a modelización compleja.
Palabras clave
trayectorias laborales, métodos estadísticos, análisis de secuencias, modelos de Markov, modelos compartimentalesCitas
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Derechos de autor 2022 Juan Antonio Carbonell Asins, Carles Xavier Simó Noguera
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