Voto económico de segundo orden en las elecciones al Parlamento Europeo
Resumen
Al estudiar el comportamiento de los ciudadanos en las elecciones al Parlamento Europeo (PE), las elecciones de segundo orden (ESO) y el voto económico (VE) se han ignorado como tradiciones ajenas. Sin embargo, no deberían considerarse incompatibles: los votantes pueden utilizar las elecciones al PE para apoyar a los titulares nacionales, pero, al mismo tiempo, este apoyo puede ser el resultado de una evaluación económica. En este trabajo se combinan las dos tradiciones y se constata que, aunque las elecciones al PE no tengan por objeto evaluar la política nacional, los votantes las utilizan para recompensar o castigar a los titulares nacionales (es decir, ESO) por el estado de la economía (es decir, VE), un comportamiento que aquí se denomina «voto económico de segundo orden». El predominio del VE de segundo orden es relevante para la política de la UE. Si las elecciones al PE aumentan la responsabilidad de los titulares nacionales mientras el ejecutivo europeo sigue sin ser reconocido, esto podría ser perturbador para las instituciones económicas europeas.
Palabras clave
elecciones europeas, elecciones de segundo orden, voto económico, rendición de cuentasCitas
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Derechos de autor 2024 Agustí Bosch Gardella
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