La disposició classista dels entorns de residència a les principals conurbacions de Mèxic. Una aproximació des de les categories d’ocupació laboral
Resum
En els últims decennis, s’ha incrementat l’interès per recuperar les anàlisis en termes de classe social vinculades a la posició dels diferents grups als espais urbans. Dins d’aquesta tendència, cobren especial força les recerques que es focalitzen a analitzar la constitució de les classes socials en els entorns de residència. L’objectiu d’aquest article consisteix a explorar de quina manera es produeix la distribució classista de la metròpoli atenent especialment als entorns de residència a les principals conurbacions mexicanes. Per fer-ho, es realitza una explotació i una anàlisi de l’Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares 2016 (ENIGH), Mèxic, prenent com a variable independent i expressiva de la classe social les agrupacions de les llars segons l’ocupació del cap de família, i com a variables dependents, diferents indicadors sobre la ubicació dels habitatges, l’habitabilitat o les formes d’accés a les residències. L’article situa la discussió sobre les classes socials i l’entorn de residència en el context llatinoamericà, i la seva contribució principal és ressaltar l’existència d’una esglaonada i ben definida estructura classista en el gaudi de l’espai urbà, amb les llars encapçalades pels directius i, en menor mesura, els professionals com els màxims beneficiaris. Així mateix, destaca l’existència d’importants nuclis rurals que s’estan incorporant a l’urbs i que, en ser majoritàriament precaris i deficitaris, són seu per a les llars d’agricultors i peons.Paraules clau
territoris urbans, classes socials, segregació urbana, habitabilitat, entorns residencialsReferències
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